GCSE Physics Revision — Potential Difference
Revise Potential Difference for GCSE Physics with a topic explanation, worked example and common mistakes. Check the board notes for specification differences.
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What is Potential Difference?
Potential difference (also known as voltage) is the work done per unit of charge that passes between two points in a circuit. It is the 'push' that makes the electric charge move. Potential difference is measured in Volts (V), and a larger potential difference results in a larger current for a given resistance.
Board notes: A fundamental concept for all GCSE Physics boards (AQA, Edexcel, OCR).
Step-by-step explanationWorked examples
Worked example
If 100J of work is done when 20C of charge moves between two points, what is the potential difference? Solution: Potential Difference = Work Done / Charge. V = 100J / 20C = 5V.
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Common mistakes
- 1Thinking that potential difference 'flows' through a circuit. It is a difference between two points, not a flow of something.
- 2Confusing potential difference with electromotive force (e.m.f.). While both are measured in Volts, e.m.f. refers to the energy supplied by a source (like a battery), whereas potential difference refers to the energy used by a component.
- 3Incorrectly using a voltmeter. A voltmeter must be connected in parallel across the component you are measuring the potential difference of.
Potential Difference exam questions
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Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between voltage and potential difference?
The terms are often used interchangeably. Potential difference is the more formal term for the work done per unit charge between two points.
How do you measure potential difference?
Potential difference is measured using a voltmeter, which is always connected in parallel with the component being measured.